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NEB ENGLISH GUIDE CLASS 11: ALL NOTES [ C. ENGLISH |M. ENGLISH] NEB ENGLISH SUPPORT
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Unit: 17 Class 11 English
Globalisation and Diaspora 》What Lost Identity? The Diaspora and Globalisation
Exercise & Grammar | Language Development
The Diaspora and Globalisation: What Lost Identity?
BEFORE YOU READ
a. Why do you think people leave their home countries?
Answer:
I think people leave their home countries to find a better life with better economic opportunities.
b. Do they have their cultural identity in other countries?
Answer:
No, they don't have their cultural identity in other countries. They have to do something important to flourish their cultural identity there through various means.
c. What happens when one’s identity is lost?
Answer:
When one's identity is lost, he or she may face the following consequences:
Anxiety
Low self-esteem
Depression
A loss of self-confidence
Social anxiety
Isolation
Chronic loneliness
All these aspects threaten his or her ability to connect with other people.
d. How is culture globalised?
Answer:
Culture is globalised through the integration of different cultures around the world with the help of new technologies.
WAYS WITH WORDS
A. Choose the words for the following meanings.
(confront, refugee, ravage, assimilation, enclave, usurp)
a. the severely damaging or destructive effects of something
Answer:
ravage
b. someone forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster
Answer:
refugee
c. to face a difficult situation
Answer:
confront
d. take a position of power or importance illegally or by force
Answer:
usurp
e. the process of becoming a part of a group, country, society, etc.
Answer:
assimilation
f. an area within a larger territory whose inhabitants are culturally or ethnically distinct
Answer:
enclave
C. Fill in the gaps with the correct word from the
brackets.
a. I asked him if he was attending the ceremony and he ............ his head 'no'. (shook/moved/ nodded)
Answer:
I asked him if he was attending the ceremony and he shook his head 'no'
b. They made a horrible decision which caused .......... damage to our company. (hopeless/ inflexible/irreparable)
Answer:
They made a horrible decision which caused irreparable damage to our company.
c. The leaders need to break down ......... so as to create favorable environment in the nation. (barriers/obstacles/hindrances)
Answer:
The leaders need to break down barriers so as to create favorable environment in the nation.
d. You ought to talk to the manager to ........... the dispute. (solve/settle/clear up)
Answer:
You ought to talk to the manager to settle the dispute.
e. Perhaps this issue will not get much media ........... (security/examination/ coverage)
Answer:
Perhaps this issue will not get much media coverage.
f. This week is the first week of Joan as an in-charge. Everything is running ...........(smoothly/calmly/easily)
Answer:
This week is the first week of Joan as an in-charge. Everything is running smoothly.
g. I haven't read the text thoroughly, but given ........... glance. (fast/quick/rapid)
Answer:
I haven't read the text thoroughly, but given a quick glance.
COMPREHENSION
Answer the following questions:
a. Why did millions of Palestinians leave their country?
Answer:
Millions of Palestinians left their country because they were denied basic human rights to find a better life and better economic opportunities in their country.
b. How is the global culture formed? Is cultural identity possible even in the global culture? Justify.
Answer:
The global culture is formed with the help of the young generations from the huge waves of technological advancement.
Yes, cultural identity is possible even in global cultures. The sense of togetherness among people brought about by globalisation promotes cultural identity. In the new era of globalisation, people become more concerned about the uniqueness and particularity of their own culture. Cultural identity provides the global significance of local knowledge and a sense of self, community, and nation.
c. Why can moving from one side of the world to the other be an economic challenge for newcomers?
Answer:
Moving from one side of the world to the other can be an economic challenge for newcomers because it's a long process of integration that takes time. It starts with learning the language, integrating culturally, and integrating into the labour market.
d. How can immigrants foster economy at different magnitudes of scale in their new homes?
Answer:
Immigrants can foster an economy at different magnitudes of scale in their new homes by starting their businesses there.
e. Can immigrants fully integrate in the new societies? Give reasons.
Answer:
No, immigrants can't fully integrate into the new societies because immigrants seem unwilling to be part of the new society, and the society also does not open its doors fully to allow them to integrate.
f. Mention any two benefits of integrating into a new society for the immigrants.
Answer:
The two benefits of integrating into a new society for the immigrants are as follows:
1. Immigrants will have equal opportunities for learning, engagement, and self-esteem. Afterwards, they can be a solid bridge between the two cultures or religions through mutual understanding.
2. The receiving countries will enhance their economic opportunities where immigrants come from.
g. Why should the immigrants run in concordance with global culture?
Answer:
The immigrants should run in accordance with global culture because the cost of isolation and non-convergence is higher and more damaging than integration. Next, the fear of losing identity must be faced by them
CRITICAL THINKING
a. Do you think that the local is globalised and the global is localised? Can there be the global culture as well? Give examples.
Answer:
Yes, I think local is globalised, and global is localised. Globalisation is a widely discussed topic. That is why it is not so easy to explain such a complex word in simple words. Globalisation advances in technology such as mobile phones, aeroplanes, telephones, and the Internet have made possible the development of the best food and communication networks, among other things. This means that people and countries can exchange information and goods more quickly and in a less complicated manner. This process is called "globalization." Globalisation comes from the globe and means the coming together of countries and nations across the globe.
The term "globalisation" refers to the process by which local people are influenced by global culture, products, media, etc. In this modern time, I think local has become globalised because local products, media, and culture are now available all over the world. This situation is referred to as a globalised situation. Globalisation is the process of increasing local trade all over the world. In this process, many local businesses get access to the global market. In the same way, global is also localised because local people can enjoy global products and cultures locally. There might be a global culture, which is a byproduct of globalization. In this situation, people feel the global culture in various fields like education, sports, music, food, fashion, language, etc.
In fact, it is the process of the world becoming one place. Globalisation is the perception of the world in local communities as a function or result of the processes of globalization. Restrictions are the variations of a property or object to fit the requests of a specific culture or region, whereas globalisation is the adaptation of a specific property to fit the requests of different societies and regions.
Due to globalisation, the world grows closer together, and there is an active exchange of goods between countries. More affordable products are available for more people; however, not only does an exchange of products and economic goods take place but also of services, knowledge, cultural goods, and even languages. All of these individual elements are closely linked and influence each other.
b. What is globalisation? Discuss the effects of globalization on traditional cultures.
Answer:
Globalisation is a worldwide process that involves the exchange of things, information, and human beings. It is derived from the word globalise, which means the emergence of an international network system of economies. It simply means the process of globalisation. We can say that globalisation is a World Trade Organisation. Globalisation is an important aspect of life that makes business possible all over the world. It has a lot of positive effects on the lives of the people, and it also helps in building the economy of our country.
The term "globalisation" is used to describe how business and technology have made the world a more connected and interdependent place. Globalisation also includes, within its scope, the economic and social changes that have come as a result of it. It can be depicted as a giant cobweb thread formed over millennia, with the number and reach of these threads increasing over time. People, money, material goods, ideas, and even disease and devastation have travelled through these silk threads and have done so in greater numbers and at a greater speed than ever before in the present age.
In the modern world, globalisation has spread all over the world quite rapidly and reached local communities, where traditional values used to prevail. These values (work, family, and religion) are changing under the influence of globalisation. However, they don't change simultaneously at the same level with equal intensity. However, there are three scenarios of reaction depending on the generational factor: education and social position. The highest percentage of residents of old traditional communities implement the third scenario, which involves adopting external forms of global culture (clothing, lifestyle, and consumption) while at the same time preserving and continuing their traditional values. This applies to both the older and younger generations. The first scenario is dominated by some young people, characterized by a complete acceptance of global culture. It means rejection of traditional culture and attraction to consumption.
A small proportion of well-educated residents of traditional communities feel the previous landscape. This includes participation in local culture and preserving traditional values, especially family and religion, while at the same time assimilating universal cultural codes and participating in global culture.
Effects of globalisation on traditional cultures:
Growing inequality among workers:
With increasing specialisation and trade, globalisation can increase the problem of inequality everywhere in the world. By boosting trade per capita income, it causes relative poverty around the world.
Rising unemployment rate:
Globalisation can increase the unemployment rate. It demands high-efficiency work at a low cost. In countries where companies are relatively unable to produce highly skilled workers, unemployment rates can rise in those countries.
Increase in unbalanced trade:
Balance of trade means the ratio between the export and import of goods and services. In globalisation, any country can trade with any other country, which causes an imbalance in this ratio. It is also called a 'trade deficit'. In the past few years, market competition has increased trade imbalances in developed countries.
Harm to the Environment:
Here in this world, the pace of industrialization is increasing as a result of globalization. Industrialization not only leads to economic development but also harms the environment. Various chemical industries in the world use harmful fertilisers and solutions or release industrial wastes into nature, which harm human life and even the environment.
The exploitation of poor labour markets:
Globalisation often provides cheaper labour costs and enables businesses to develop jobs and economic prospects in developing countries. Yet, globalisation may slow or, worse, stagnate overall economic growth in such developing countries.
c. Discuss the impacts of globalization on the process and progress of education in Nepal.
Answer:
Nepal is in the category of less developed countries. The overall aspects of Nepal are on the way to progress. In this interconnected world, globalization has played a very important role in the development of nations and people. The education system in Nepal has recently been rising and continuing to develop.
Globalization promotes various things all over the world. It includes the education system too. The globalization of education is the integration and application of education systems and knowledge around the world. It improves the quality and deployment of education around the world. It has played a vital role in education systems and helped many countries improve their education systems and literacy rates.
Most students have received support and help from globalization. But most poor students from rural parts of the world are quite far away from the opportunities that are created by globalization.
In the context of Nepal, the education system has been improving. There is a very fine point to globalization, too. Here are some of the effects of globalization on the process and progress of education in Nepal:
Quality education:
Due to globalization, the quality of education in Nepal has improved. Nepal has fine opportunities to see the best education system among most places.
Increased e-learning methodologies:
Due to globalization, fine and innovative methods of learning like e-learning and blended learning are growing quite rapidly.
Establishment of foreign universities:
Due to globalization, we have found the establishment of foreign universities in various places in Nepal. All these universities help many students get a high-quality education. In addition, foreign investment in the education sector also helps improve facilities and infrastructure in the country.
Understanding culture:
Due to globalization, there is a development of empathy and understanding among students. Globalization has enabled students to develop their understanding of other cultures, which is like a practical education.
Awareness of the people:
Globalization has made many people aware of human rights and loopholes in governance.
Hence, globalization has helped Nepal improve its education system and literacy rate. It has brought positive changes among the students as well as the process and progress of education in Nepal.
WRITING
C. Write a news story to be published in a newspaper about a local festival/fair you have witnessed.
Answer:
Dipawali: A Festival of Joy
Nepal is a land of festivals. All Nepalese people celebrate different festivals within a year. This is because Nepal has a centuries-old heritage and great cultural diversity. All the different religious and ethnic groups have different cultural festivals. I recently witnessed the festival of Dipawali. Diwali is one of the Hindu festivals that is celebrated in unison and with the most pomp. It is celebrated by almost all communities and all religions, even though its importance varies in different communities.
Dipawali is regarded as the festival of lights. Thousands of oil lamps are lit in or around the houses. Its preparation starts a few days before the festival. People clean all their houses and everything around them. The houses are whitewashed or painted. Diwali begins with the festival of crows. People offer prayers and good food to the crows. The next day is the festival of dogs. On this day, good food items are provided to the dogs. People worship dogs with flowers and garlands.
The next day is the festival of cows. It is also known as Lakshmi Puja. Hindus consider the cow Lakshmi. Hence, on this day, cows are offered prayers and good food items. Hindus believe that if Lakshmi becomes happy, a lot of money will be offered to them. On the evening of this day, there is a view of the bride in every house and shop. There is a huge crowd, especially at the sweets and cracker shops. The next day is also celebrated in the same way. This day is known as Ox-Tihar, and oxen are worshipped. The last day is called Vai-Tika. On this day, brothers are worshipped by their sisters. Hindus believe that by doing this, their brothers are protected with prosperity and a long life.
People celebrate this festival in different ways. Children seem to be happiest enjoying the festival. But it is a pity that many foolish people celebrate this holy day by drinking and gambling all night long. Many of them get wasted and later regret it. Some children catch fire while playing with crackers.
GRAMMAR
Infinitive and Gerund
B. Complete each sentence using what/how/where/whether +one of these verbs:
apply get do ride use go
a. Do you know .......... to Rama's house?
Answer:
Do you know how to get to Rama's house?
b. I don't know ........... for the job or not.
Answer:
I don't know whether to apply for the job or not.
c. Have you decided ............ for your picnic?
Answer:
Have you decided where to go for your picnic?
d. Can you show me ............ this camera?
Answer:
Can you show me how to use this camera?
e. Ask Hari. He'll tell you .......... a bicycle.
Answer:
Ask Hari. He'll tell you how to ride a bicycle.
f. I was really astonished. I didn't know......on the horse.
Answer:
I was really astonished. I didn't know how to ride on the horse.
C. Paraphrase the following sentences using the verb in brackets as in the example.
Example:
She has lost her weight. (seem)
She seems to have lost her weight.
a. Mahesh forgets closing the windows. (tend)
Answer:
Mahesh tends to forget closing the windows
b. Your car has broken down. (appear)
Answer:
Your car appears to have broken down.
c. Ashika is worried about her exam. (seem)
Answer:
Ashika seems to be worried about her exam.
d. They have developed the theory. (claim)
Answer:
They claim to have developed the theory.
e. He's enjoying his new job. (pretend)
Answer:
He pretends to be enjoying his new job.
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UNIT: 18 》IMMIGRATION AND IDENTITY [IDENTITY CRISIS IN IMMIGRANTS]
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